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目的:研究黄土高原沟壑区油松人工林林下主要种群的生态位,为该地区油松人工林合理经营提供科学依据。方法:采用样地调查法,应用Shannon-Weinner多样性指标及Levins生态位宽度公式、Pianka生态位重叠公式等对陕西淳化县油松人工林林下主要植物种群的生态位特征进行了分析。结果:1油松人工林林下主要种群中,披针苔草的生态位宽度最宽为0.962 3,水栒子的生态位宽度最窄为0.158 1;2在草本层中,优势种披针苔草和其他种之间的生态位重叠值并没有非常高的,一些亚优势种之间的重叠值比较高,如龙牙草和多花木兰,它们的生态位重叠值为0.962 7;3在灌木层中,各物种间的生态位重叠值普遍小于草本层,物种间的竞争压力更小。结论:该地区油松人工林拥有一个较为稳定的森林环境。
Objective: To study the niche of main populations of Pinus tabulaeformis plantation in the gully area of the Loess Plateau, and provide a scientific basis for the rational management of this plantation. Methods: The niche characteristics of understory plant populations of Pinus tabulaeformis plantation in Chunhua County of Shaanxi Province were studied by means of plots survey, Shannon-Weinner diversity index, Levins niche breadth formula and Pianka niche overlapping formula. Results: 1 Pinus tabulaeformis plantation understory, the larch moss niche width of the widest 0.962 3, the narrowest niche breadth of water cutis 0.158 1; 2 in the herb layer, the dominant species of lanceolate The niche overlap between Carex and other species is not very high. The overlap between some subdominant species is relatively high. For example, arachnoid and magnolia, their niche overlap is 0.962 7; 3 In the shrub layer, the niche overlap between species is generally less than that of the herb layer, and the pressure of competition among species is smaller. Conclusion: The Pinus tabulaeformis plantation in this area has a relatively stable forest environment.