Background Resistin, a newly discovered cysteine-rich hormone secreted mainly by adipose tissues, has been proposed to form a biochemical link between obesity and type 2 diabetes. However, the resistin receptor has not yet been identified. This study aimed to identify resistin binding proteins/receptor. Methods Three cDNA fragments with the same 11 bp 5’ sequence were found by screening a cDNA phage display library of rat multiple tissues. As the reading frames of the same 11 bp 5’ sequence were interrupted by a TGA stop codon, plaque lift assay was consequently used to prove the readthrough phenomenon. The stop codon in the same 11 bp 5’ sequence was replaced by tryptophan, and the binding activity of the coded peptide [AWIL, which was designated as resistin binding peptide (RBP)] with resistin was identified by the confocal microscopy technique and the affinity chromatography experiment. pDual GC-resistin and pDual GC-resistin binding peptide were co-transfected into 3T3-L1 cells to confirm the function of resistin binding peptide. Results Three cDNA fragments with the same 11 bp 5’ sequence were found. The TGA stop codon in reading frames of the same 11 bp 5’ sequence was proved to be readthroughed. The binding activity of RBP with resistin was consequently identified. The expression of the resistin binding peptide in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes expressing pDual GC-resistin significantly inhibited the adipogenic differentiation. Conclusion RBP could effectively rescue the promoted differentiation of resistin overxepressed 3T3-L1 preadipocyte. Background Resistin, a newly discovered cysteine-rich hormone secreted mainly by adipose tissues, has been to form a biochemical link between obesity and type 2 diabetes. However, the resistin receptor has not yet been identified. This study aimed to identify resistin binding proteins / The three cDNA fragments with the same 11 bp 5 ’sequence were found by screening a cDNA phage display library of rat multiple tissues. As the reading frames of the same 11 bp 5’ sequence were interrupted by a TGA stop codon, plaque The stop codon in the same 11 bp 5 ’sequence was replaced by tryptophan, and the binding activity of the coded peptide [AWIL, which was designated as resistin binding peptide (RBP)] with resistin was identified by the confocal microscopy technique and the affinity chromatography experiment. pDual GC-resistin and pDual GC-resistin binding peptide were co-transfected into 3T3-L1 cel The TGA stop codon in reading frames of the same 11 bp 5 ’sequence was proved to be read throughed. The Three cDNA fragments with the same 11 bp 5’ sequence were found. The binding activity of RBP with resistin was identified. The expression of the resistin binding peptide in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes expressing pDual GC-resistin significantly inhibited the adipogenic differentiation. Conclusion RBP could effectively rescue the promoted differentiation of resistin overxepressed 3T3-L1 preadipocyte.