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目的研究不同碘摄入水平对大鼠甲状腺功能的影响。方法将Wistar大鼠分为低碘(LI)组、正常碘(NI)组、5倍、10倍、50倍、100倍高碘(5HI、10HI、50HI、100HI)组,在喂养3、6、12个月后处死,分别检测血清总T4(TT4)、总T3(TT3)、游离T3(FT3)、游离T4(FT4)、反T3(rT3)水平,以及甲状腺组织中T4、T3、rT3水平。结果3个月时血清TT4、FT4、TT3、FT3、rT3以及甲状腺组织中T4、T3、rT3水平,组间比较差异均有统计学意义(F值分别为54．07、67．80、15．51、27．71、19．73、61．51、40．67、53．86,P<0．01);6个月时上述指标组间比较差异均有统计学意义(F值分别为58．80、58．75、19．64、17．22、47．21、46．01、47．22、126．87,P<0．01);12个月时甲状腺组织中T4、T3、rT3水平组间比较差异均有统计学意义(F值分别为20．44、17．69、29．23,P<0．01)。与NI组相比较,LI组血清和甲状腺组织内各激素水平明显降低,而高碘组随着时间的延长和摄入碘量的增加,血清各激素和甲状腺组织内T3水平出现逐渐降低趋势。结论碘缺乏和碘过量均可导致大鼠甲状腺功能低下,而碘缺乏的作用更明显;大鼠对长期高碘摄入比碘缺乏具有更强的耐受性,只有在长期补充过量碘(>50倍正常需要量)才发生甲状腺功能低下。
Objective To study the effects of different levels of iodine intake on thyroid function in rats. Methods Wistar rats were divided into low iodine (LI) group, normal iodine (NI) group, 5 times, 10 times, 50 times and 100 times higher iodine (5HI, 10HI, 50HI, 100HI) , And then sacrificed 12 months later. The levels of total T4 (TT4), total T3 (TT3), free T3 (FT3), free T4 (FT4) and anti-T3 (rT3), and T4, T3 and rT3 in thyroid tissue Level. Results Serum levels of TT4, FT4, TT3, FT3 and rT3 in serum and T4, T3 and rT3 levels in thyroid tissues at 3 months were significantly different (F = 54.07, 67.80, 51, 27.71, 19.73, 61.51, 40.67, 53.86, P <0.01). There were significant differences among the above groups at 6 months (F values were 58 .80,58.75,19.64,17.22,47.21,46.01,47.22,126.87, P <0.01); at 12 months thyroid tissue T4, T3, rT3 The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (F = 20.44,17.69,29.23, P <0.01). Compared with the NI group, the levels of serum and thyroid tissue in the LI group decreased significantly, while in the high iodine group, the levels of T3 in the serum hormones and thyroid tissues gradually decreased with the prolongation of time and the increase of iodine intake. Conclusions Both iodine deficiency and iodine excess can cause hypothyroidism in rats and iodine deficiency is more obvious. Rats are more tolerant to long-term high iodine than iodine deficiency. Only when long-term supplementation with excess iodine (> 50 times the normal requirement) before the occurrence of hypothyroidism.