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本文评述了有关用于电致变色窗玻璃的一种固体多层结构及各膜层的最新研究结果,其中包括制造窗玻璃时这种多层结构的要求条件,尤其是需要有一个在电化学上平衡的系统。结果表明:在多晶WO_3膜(电致变色层)中超额的自由电子散射,不仅是反射率调制低于理想值的根源,而且是吸收率调制高于理想值的主要根源。有关LiAlF_4的研究结果表明,就作为离子导电层来说,它是一种可行的选择材料,因为它既是一种良好的Li离子导电体,又是一种良好的电子绝缘体。最后,我们近来发现掺锡和未掺锡的In_2O_3膜是混合型导电体,因为它们表现出既能注入Li离子又能吸出Li离子。这个结果很有意义,因为这种膜将有可能作为背电极同时又作为透明导电层来使用,从而可减少电致变色窗玻璃整体的复杂性、技术问题、以及成本。
This article reviews the latest research findings on a solid multilayer structure and films for electrochromic window panes, including the requirements for such multilayer structures in the manufacture of glazing, and in particular, On the balance of the system. The results show that the excess free electron scattering in the polycrystalline WO 3 film (electrochromic layer) is not only the source of the reflectance modulation lower than the ideal value, but also the main source of the modulation of the absorbance higher than the ideal value. The study of LiAlF_4 shows that it is a viable choice material as an ion conducting layer because it is both a good Li ion conductor and a good electron insulator. Finally, we have recently found that tin-doped and non-tin-doped In 2 O 3 films are mixed-type conductors because they exhibit the ability to inject both Li ions and Li ions. This result makes sense because it is possible to use this film as a back electrode and simultaneously as a transparent conductive layer, thereby reducing the overall complexity, technical problems, and costs of the electrochromic glazing.