脂蛋白脂酶是脂质代谢的关键酶之一,是血浆中清除甘油三酯的限速酶,主要催化乳糜微粒和极低密度脂蛋白核心中的甘油三酯水解,使得机体能够利用由食物摄取和肝脏合成的脂肪,同时释放出脂肪酸和单酰甘油。脂蛋白脂酶基因突变可以影响脂蛋白脂酶的活性,从而导致脂代谢紊乱,与肥胖、胰岛素抵抗、2型糖尿病和高血压的发病风险相关。本文综述了脂蛋白脂酶的结构、功能、基因结构及其多态性与血脂和代谢综合征关系的研究进展。 Lipoprotein lipase, one of the key enzymes in lipid metabolism, is a rate-limiting enzyme that clears triglycerides in plasma and catalyzes the hydrolysis of triglycerides mainly in chylomicrons and very-low-density lipoprotein cores, enabling the body to make use of food Ingest and synthesize fat from liver and release both fatty acids and monoacylglycerols. Mutations in the lipoprotein lipase gene can affect lipoprotein lipase activity leading to dyslipidemia associated with the risk of obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes and hypertension. This article reviews the research progress of the relationship between the structure, function, gene structure and polymorphism of lipoprotein lipase and lipids and metabolic syndrome.