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采用有限元软件DEFORM-3D对原始组织为层片状珠光体的T8钢在Bc方式下多道次ECAP过程进行了热力耦合数值模拟,并对该过程进行了实验验证。结果表明,在ECAP挤压过程中,塑性变形主要集中在模具拐角,且模具内拐角处金属的流动性较模具外拐角处好;随挤压道次的增加,变形的均匀程度逐渐增加,累积等效应变也随之增大,组织细化效果也越明显,数值模拟与实验结果基本吻合;随摩擦系数和挤压速度的增加,等效应变有所增大,应变影响区逐渐扩大,变形的不均匀程度也逐渐增加。
The finite element software DEFORM-3D was used to simulate the multi-pass ECAP process of T8 steel with lamellar pearlite in Bc mode. The experiment was also verified by experiments. The results show that during the extrusion process of ECAP, the plastic deformation mainly concentrates on the corner of the mold, and the metal flow at the corners of the mold is better than the outer corner of the mold. With the increase of the extrusion pass, the deformation uniformity gradually increases, The equivalent strain is also increased, and the effect of refining the structure is more obvious. The numerical simulation is in good agreement with the experimental results. With the increase of friction coefficient and extrusion speed, the equivalent strain increases and the area affected by strain gradually expands and deforms The degree of unevenness also gradually increased.