目的了解北京市昌平区中学生烟草知识与控烟态度行为现状,为进一步开展学校控烟工作提供依据。方法 于2010年4~5月采用现况调查的方法,对辖区4所学校18个班级1 674名中学生进行匿名自填式问卷调查,了解吸烟危害相关知识知晓和态度以及行为状况。结果有9.3%的中学生从没听或看到过吸烟与健康的相关知识,6.6%的中学生不知道烟草有害成分,18.6%的中学生不知道吸烟/吸二手烟所致疾病;对吸烟/吸二手烟危害的正确认知报告率女生(97.0%/94.6%)高于男生(93.4%/90.0%)(P值均<0.01);对烟草有害成分和所致疾病认知的报告率,职高生低于初中和高中生,差异有统计学意义(P值均<0.01);女生反对吸烟的态度报告率明显高于男生(P<0.05);中学生尝试吸烟率39.0%、吸烟率10.5%、现在吸烟率8.8%,且各报告率男生>女生,职高>高中>初中,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.01)。结论 昌平区中学生烟草使用状况依然严峻,有知识与行为脱离现象,存在较大的吸烟潜在可能性,控烟宣传的重点人群是男生、职高学生和吸烟学生。 Objective To understand the status quo of tobacco knowledge and attitude toward tobacco control among middle school students in Changping District, Beijing, and to provide basis for further tobacco control work in schools. Methods From April to May 2010, an anonymous self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted on 1,674 middle school students in 18 classes in 4 schools in the district to find out about the knowledge and attitudes and behavioral conditions of knowledge related to smoking hazards. As a result, 9.3% of middle school students never heard or saw the related knowledge of smoking and health, 6.6% of middle school students did not know the harmful ingredients of tobacco, 18.6% of middle school students did not know the diseases caused by smoking / secondhand smoke; The correct cognition rate of smoking hazard was higher in girls (97.0% / 94.6%) than in boys (93.4% / 90.0%) (P <0.01). The reporting rate of tobacco harmful components and disease cognition, (P <0.01). The rate of female anti-smoking attitude was significantly higher than that of boys (P <0.05). The middle school students attempted smoking rate of 39.0% and smoking rate of 10.5% The prevalence of smoking was 8.8%. There were statistically significant differences between boys and girls, vocational high school, high school and junior high school (P <0.01). Conclusion The tobacco use status of middle school students in Changping District is still grim, with the phenomenon of knowledge and behavior being detached. There is a big potential for smoking. The key crowd of tobacco control publicity are boys, vocational high school students and smoking students.