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一、引言 自由电子脉泽由于其在毫米波、亚毫米波波段的巨大输出功率和高效率,故发展迅速。一个性能良好的螺旋形电子注是它赖以工作的基础。历史上,电子迴旋谐振受激放射早已在理论上导出并被实验证实,但直到制出了速度另散小的绝热电子枪后,迴旋管才进入工程和实用阶段。在迴旋管今后的发展中无论是改进增益、效率或是提高功率、频率,都必须在减小电子注速度另散上作出巨大努力。从迴旋管工作机理出发提出对速度另散的要求及其对增益、效率的影响,[1～4]已有论述。
I. Introduction Free electron masers due to its millimeter wave, sub-millimeter wave band of great output power and high efficiency, so the rapid development. A well-behaved spiral electronic note is the foundation upon which it works. Historically, the stimulated emission of electron cyclotron resonance has long been theoretically derived and experimentally confirmed. However, the convoluted tube did not enter engineering and practical phases until the advent of an adiabatic electron gun with a small velocity. In the future development of gyrotron, we must make tremendous efforts to reduce the speed of electron injection whether it is to improve gain, efficiency or increase power and frequency. Starting from the working mechanism of the gyrotron, we put forward the requirement of speed dispersion and its effect on gain and efficiency, which have been discussed in [1 ~ 4].