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采用均匀分布和典型样地相结合的方法,对苏北地区6条国道绿化状况进行调查,并利用重要值、丰富度指数、Shannon-Weiner多样性指数、Pielou均匀度指数、相似性指数分析其植物组成及多样性。结果表明:(1)6条国道绿化共有乔木40种,灌木23种,草本40种。杨树、女贞、龙柏、石楠、三叶草在苏北国道绿化中发挥着重要作用,其重要值和出现频率均排在前列。(2)G104乔灌种类最多,草本最少;G205乔灌种类最少,草本最多。人工绿化的乔、灌木在一定程度生抑制了杂草生长。植物群落综合Shannon-Weiner指数排序为G206>G104>G311>G310>G204>G205。(3)两两国道之间的相似性指数均没有达到50%,苏北地区国道绿化模式随意性较大,没有通过系统的规划和设计,特别是乡村地区的国道绿化基本上以自然恢复为主。在进行道路绿化的过程中,需要乔灌草统一考虑,特别是增加草本植物的多样性以抑制杂草生长。
By using the method of uniform distribution and typical sample plots, the greening conditions of six national highwayways in northern Jiangsu were surveyed and the importance values, richness index, Shannon-Weiner index, Pielou evenness index and similarity index Plant composition and diversity. The results showed that: (1) There were 40 species of arbor, 23 species of shrubs and 40 species of herbs in 6 national greenways. Poplar, privet, cypress, heather, clover play an important role in the greening of national highway north of Jiangsu Province, and their important values and appearance frequency are in the forefront. (2) G104 most species of arborvitae, herbs at least; G205 arboreal at least, most herbs. Artificial greening of Joe, shrubs to a certain extent inhibited the growth of weeds. The comprehensive Shannon-Weiner index of plant communities ranked as G206> G104> G311> G310> G204> G205. (3) The similarity index between the two countries and the two countries did not reach 50%. The model of national road greening in northern Jiangsu is more arbitrary and has not been systematically planned and designed. In particular, the greening of the national road in rural areas basically restores to the Lord. In the process of road afforestation, we need to consider both grasses and grasses, in particular, to increase the diversity of grasses to restrain the growth of weeds.