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认知访谈是一种验证问卷质量的方法。通过认知访谈,可以发现被试在回答问题的过程中遇到的问题,从而发现导致这些问题的问卷设计缺陷。通过它还可以了解被试理解、思考和回答问题的方式,以及在这个过程中有可能遇到的困难。通过比较被试处理问题的方式和研究人员预想的处理方式的差别,可以优化各种使用提问方式收集数据的研究方法中的问题结构和语词使用,从而提高问卷的信度和效度。
Cognitive interviewing is a way to verify the quality of the questionnaire. Through cognitive interviews, we found the subjects encountered problems in answering the questions and found the defects of the questionnaire that led to these problems. It can also be used to understand the subjects to understand, think and answer the question, and the possible difficulties encountered in the process. By comparing the differences between the way the participants deal with the problem and the way researchers think about it, the structure of the questions and the use of words in the research methods of collecting data using various questioning methods can be optimized to improve the reliability and validity of the questionnaire.