本文介绍了美国许多露天矿采用松土机代替凿岩爆破作业的情况,并对松土机疏松岩石作了技术经济比较。近年来,国外许多露天矿场正成功地采用机械疏松石灰岩、砂岩、页岩、风化花岗岩和其它坚硬岩石。美国卡捷尔皮列尔(Катерпиллер)公司进行的试验证明:低速度传播地震波的岩石容易疏松;而高速度传播地震波的坚硬岩石不易疏松(图1)。 This article describes the use of ripper instead of rock blasting operations in many open pit mines in the United States and makes a technical and economic comparison of the loose loosening rock loosening machines. In recent years, many open-air mines abroad are successfully using mechanically loose limestone, sandstone, shale, weathered granite and other hard rocks. Experiments conducted by the United States of America Catéir Pirelli prove that rocks with low-velocity seismic waves tend to loosen while hard rocks with high-velocity seismic waves are not easily loose (Fig. 1).