论文部分内容阅读
不久前,联合国欧洲经济委员会(UNEGE)和联合国粮农组织(FAO)印发了2003年 UNEOE 木材委员会政策论坛和年度市场研讨会的纪要和论文摘要。该文从能源可持续供应的角度,论述木质能源的开发利用,对我国能源开发有重要参考价值。文中强调,现有石油资源只能维持40年左右,能源可持续供应已成为人类面临的首要问题,能源与环境对人类基本生存条件提出了严峻的挑战。我国是一个能影响世界全局的发展中大国和能源消耗大户。应对此项挑战乃是战略大计。欣悉“十一五”规划建议中提出了加速发展可再生能源的任务。木质能源可再生,对环境友好,又便于分散经营,具有突出的优势。但我国是一个少林国家,有没有大规模发展木质能源的条件?实际上,目前我国每年的木材消耗中有30%.约1亿 m~3是薪炭材,且木材工业的木材利用率仅60%,再加上林区的采伐剩余物,正在和可以作为能源利用的木质资源已有相当规模,提高这部分资源的利用效率大有可为。而且,正是由于森林资源不足.更有必要及早下手,最大限度地利用植树造林的潜力,发展林业,为更大规模地利用木质能源创造条件。欧洲的一个重要经验是,推进木质能源开发不能只靠市场调节,而必须有政策支持,而且这种支持涉及多种行业的发展和多方面利益的协调。现在,木质能源的开发和利用.其规模和效率已远远不是传统薪炭材的概念了,非但木屑能加工成颗粒或棒状成形燃料再行燃烧,用植物纤维生产的乙醇汽油新型燃料也已经问世;为了适应大规模能源开发的需要,已培养出生长特别快的超级燃料速生树。未来能源问题的解决还有很多未知因素。但提高木质能源的利用水平,并大力发展林业,为木质能源开发创造条件,无疑是明智之举。
Not long ago, United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNEGE) and the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) published minutes and abstracts of UNEOE Timber Committee policy forums and annual market seminars in 2003. This paper discusses the development and utilization of wood energy from the perspective of sustainable energy supply and has important reference value for energy development in our country. The article stressed that the existing oil resources can only be maintained for about 40 years, the sustainable supply of energy has become the primary problem facing mankind, energy and environment on the basic human living conditions posed a serious challenge. Our country is a large developing country and a major energy consumer that can affect the overall situation of the world. Addressing this challenge is a strategic plan. Xinhua noted that the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan” proposed the task of accelerating the development of renewable energy. Wood energy renewable, environmentally friendly, but also easy to decentralized management, with outstanding advantages. However, our country is a Shaolin country, is there any conditions for the large-scale development of wood energy? In fact, China currently consumes 30% of its annual wood consumption. About 100 million m 3 is a firewood material, and the lumber utilization rate in the lumber industry is only 60% %, Together with the logging residues in the forest area, are already at a considerable scale with the wood resources that can be used as energy sources, and there is ample scope for improving the utilization efficiency of this part of the resources. Moreover, it is because of insufficient forest resources that it is even more necessary to get started as soon as possible, to make full use of the potential of tree planting and afforestation, to develop forestry and create conditions for the greater use of wood energy. An important European experience is that promoting the development of wood energy can not rely solely on market regulation and must have policy support. And such support involves the development of industries and the coordination of various interests. Now, the development and utilization of wood energy, its scale and efficiency are far from the traditional concept of fuel wood, not only wood chips can be processed into pellets or rod shaped fuel for further combustion, but also ethanol fuel has been produced with plant fiber In order to meet the needs of large-scale energy development, fast growing fast-growing super-fuel trees have been cultivated. There are many unknown factors in the future solution to the energy problem. However, it is undoubtedly a wise move to raise the utilization level of wood energy and vigorously develop forestry so as to create the conditions for the development of wood energy.