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以玉米淀粉为原料合成了可生物降解的高吸水树脂,并在淀粉中引入磷酸根离子,然后对制备的树脂进行保水保肥等性能的研究。结果表明:磷酸酯淀粉类高吸水树脂具有较好的吸水性能,吸水倍率达339.65g/g,对0.9%NaCl溶液的吸液率有71.90g/g。树脂对氮肥的吸附量随氮肥浓度的增加而增加,在硫酸铵浓度为24g/L时达到最大值405.82mg/g;树脂加入土壤后,最大吸氮量达344.99mg/g。磷酸酯淀粉类高吸水树脂加入土壤后能改善土壤结构,提高土壤的保水保肥性能。最佳树脂用量为1.5%,当超过这个用量,树脂吸水膨胀后对土壤结构不利。用量为1.5%的树脂与土壤混合5d后,释放量不超过吸附的26%。
The biodegradable superabsorbent was synthesized from corn starch, and phosphate ions were introduced into the starch. Then the properties of the prepared resin such as water retention and fertilizer were studied. The results showed that the phosphate ester starch superabsorbent had good water absorption capacity, water absorption ratio of 339.65g / g and liquid absorption of 71.90g / g for 0.9% NaCl solution. The adsorption amount of nitrogen on the resin increased with the increase of nitrogen concentration, reaching 405.82mg / g when the concentration of ammonium sulfate was 24g / L. After the resin was added into the soil, the maximum nitrogen uptake reached 344.99mg / g. The addition of phosphate ester starch super absorbent resin to the soil can improve the soil structure and improve soil water retention and fertilizer performance. The best amount of resin is 1.5%, when more than this amount, the resin swelling of the soil structure after the adverse. The amount of 1.5% resin mixed with the soil 5d, the release does not exceed 26% of the adsorption.