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评述了与特软质可压缩性尾矿堆采用干土覆盖技术有关的主要问题。在复垦期间 ,尾矿尚未固结 ,其抗剪强度低 ,通行条件差 ,沉降量大 ,因此这种尾矿堆的干土覆盖层的设计与施工往往向岩土工程师和环保工程师提出难以应付的挑战。所需考虑的岩土工程问题包括 :1)靠近表面的尾矿层的固结 ,以提高强度 ,改善行车状况 ,以便安全地铺筑初始分层 ;2 )尾矿池排水和 (或 )铺筑覆盖层期间尾矿堆坡面的稳定性 ;3)尾矿堆的长期沉降量及其对覆盖层整体性和最终地表形状的影响。所需考虑的环境保护问题包括 :1)尾矿池污水 (游离水 )的管理 ;2 )尾矿固结过程中排出的受污染孔隙水的管理 ;3)覆盖层上部 (未受污染 )地表水的管理。综述了一座大型铀矿尾矿坝复垦工程中近年取得的实践经验。结论是 :在工程规划的各个阶段 ,认真考虑岩土工程问题与环境保护问题可大大降低细粒尾矿坝复垦工程的费用和环境危害程度
The main issues relating to the use of dry-soil cover technology for the special soft compressible tailings dump were reviewed. During the reclamation period, the tailings have not been consolidated, its shear strength is low, the access conditions are poor, and the settlement is large. Therefore, the design and construction of dry soil cover of this tailing pile often make it difficult for geotechnical engineers and environmental engineers Meet the challenge. Geotechnical issues to be considered include: 1) Consolidation of the tailings layer near the surface to increase strength and improve driving conditions for the safe paving of the initial delamination; 2) drainage and / or paving of the tailings pond 3) the long-term settlement of the tailing heap and its effect on the integrity of the overburden and the shape of the final surface. The environmental issues to be considered include: 1) the management of the tailings pond effluent (free water); 2) the management of contaminated pore water excreted in the consolidation of the tailings; 3) the upper (uncontaminated) surface of the cover Water management. The practical experience gained in the reclamation project of a large uranium mine tailings dam is reviewed. The conclusion is: At each stage of the project planning, serious consideration of geotechnical problems and environmental protection issues can greatly reduce the cost of fine tailings dam reclamation project and the degree of environmental damage