2013年《公司法》改革确立了比较全面的认缴出资制。认缴出资制既不同于严格的法定资本制,也不同于授权资本制,它属于我国的制度创新。认缴出资制降低了公司设立门槛,极大地鼓励了投资,同时也给债权人带来了潜在的风险。在目前的法律体系中,股东未缴出资不能被认定为公司资产,因此,债权人不能直接向股东主张其在未缴出资范围内对其进行清偿。另外,认缴出资制会诱发以下现象:注册资本过大以及缴纳期限过长,公司资本显著不足,实物出资过度自由,以及股东出资与公司盈利所得之间难以辨识,资本信息的真实性难以得到保证,等等。未来的公司法应该逐步确立并完善债权人信息查阅权、司法救济渠道和资本信息平台等债权人保护制度。 The reform of the Company Law in 2013 established a more comprehensive system of subscriptions and contributions. The subscription contribution system is different from the strict statutory capital system and the authorized capital system. It belongs to the institutional innovation of our country. Subscribing to the contribution system reduces the threshold for setting up a company and greatly encourages investment, as well as potential risks to creditors. In the current legal system, unpaid contributions from shareholders can not be identified as corporate assets, so creditors can not directly claim to shareholders that they pay within the unpaid liquidation. In addition, the subscription of capital contribution system will induce the following phenomena: the registered capital is too large and the payment period is too long, the company significantly less than the capital, excess investment in kind, and shareholders of the company earnings and income between the illegible, the authenticity of capital information is difficult to get Guarantee, and so on. The future company law should gradually establish and improve the creditor information access, judicial relief channels and capital information platform and other creditor protection system.