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通过对国产55SiCrA、浦项SAE9254V及新日铁65Si2CrV气门簧用弹簧钢进行全面质量对比分析,国产与国外弹簧钢的主要差异为:国产弹簧钢中w(Als)高达40×10~(-6),夹杂物中w(Al_2O_3)高达42%,夹杂物长宽比均小于3,宽度尺寸大,且其电解得到了高MgO类及高Al_2O_3类的大型不利夹杂物。生产过程应降低钢中w(Als)至20×10-6以下,使用低铝含量的合金,采用低碱度及低Al_2O_3含量的精炼渣进行冶炼,避免使用含Al_2O_3的镁质耐火材料,降低夹杂物中w(Al_2O_3)至10%~20%,提高夹杂物塑性。另外国产弹簧钢组织含有较多的先共析铁素体,且脱碳层控制较差。
The main differences between domestic and foreign spring steel are as follows: ws (Als) in domestic spring steel are as high as 40 × 10 ~ (-6), and the spring steel of 55SiCrA, Pohang SAE9254V and NiSi 65Si2CrV are all analyzed. ), Inclusions w (Al_2O_3) up to 42%, the aspect ratio of inclusions are less than 3, the width of the size is large, and its electrolysis has been a large type of high MgO and high Al2O3 inclusions. The production process should reduce the steel w (Als) to 20 × 10-6 or less, the use of low-aluminum alloy, the use of low alkalinity and low Al_2O_3 content of refined slag smelting, to avoid the use of Al_2O_3 magnesia refractories, reduce Inclusion of w (Al_2O_3) to 10% to 20%, improve inclusion plasticity. In addition, the domestic spring steel contains more pro-eutectoid ferrite, and the decarburization control is poor.