论文部分内容阅读
小麦丛矮病是我国北方麦区的一个重要病害。已报道它是由灰飞虱传染的,在小麦病株和带毒灰飞虱 Laodepha striatellus Fallen 的超薄切片中都观察到弹状病毒颗粒。为了确定病原,我们用微量注射器把从小麦病株中提取的病毒注入灰飞虱,然后放在健康小麦上取食,可使小麦产生典型的丛矮病状。证明小麦丛矮病的病原是一种弹状病毒,称谓小麦丛矮病毒(WRSV)。还用注射方法测定了 WRSV 的体外抗性。用10种禾谷类作物和17种禾本科杂草测定了 WRSV 的寄主范围。试验证明 WRSV 可侵染属于6个族的17种植物。在免疫的植物中 Aegilops ventricosa 可与小麦杂交,是抗病育种中有用的原始材料。在温室条件下测定了43个小麦品种对 WRSV 的抗病性,41个严重感病,两个春麦品种中3和中4是抗病的。
Wheat dwarf disease is an important disease in northern China wheat area. It has been reported that it is transmitted by Laodelphax striatellus and Rhabdovirus particles are observed in both wheat diseased plants and in ultrathin sections of Laodepha striatellus Fallen. In order to determine the pathogen, we used a micro syringe to inject the virus extracted from the wheat strain into the Laodelphax striatellus, which was then fed on healthy wheat to produce typical bushy dwarf disease in wheat. Prove the pathogen of wheat dwarf disease is a rhabdovirus, called wheat bushy stunt virus (WRSV). In vitro resistance of WRSV was also determined by injection. The host range of WRSV was determined using 10 cereals and 17 gramineous weeds. The experiment proved that WRSV can infect 17 species of plants belonging to 6 ethnic groups. Aegilops ventricosa, which hybridizes with wheat in immunized plants, is a useful starting material for disease-resistant breeding. The resistance of 43 wheat cultivars to WRSV was determined under greenhouse conditions, with 41 severely susceptible and 3 and 4 of the two spring wheat cultivars resistant.