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目的对黄河三角洲地区禽流感外环境监测标本进行禽流感病毒H5、H7、H9亚型检测分析,分析该地区禽流感病毒的分型情况。方法 2013年10月-2014年10月,根据《职业暴露人群血清学和环境高致病性禽流感监测方案(2011年版)》的要求设置监测点,采集禽类粪便标本、活禽市场污水标本、案板表面擦拭标本、禽类饮水标本、笼具表面擦拭标本。采用荧光定量PCR方法检测甲型通用流感病毒和禽流感病毒H5、H7、H9亚型核酸。结果检测外环境标本600份,禽流感病毒核酸检测阳性标本44份,阳性率为7.33%,检出禽流感病毒H5亚型核酸阳性26份、H7亚型核酸阳性2份、H9亚型核酸阳性16份。结论在黄河三角洲地区野禽及家禽中有禽流感病毒H5、H7、H9亚型存在。活禽市场污水及案板的禽流感病毒核酸检测阳性率较高。存在感染人类及禽类间传播扩散的风险。
Objective To detect and analyze the avian influenza virus subtype H5, H7 and H9 in avian influenza surveillance samples in the Yellow River Delta region and analyze the typing of avian influenza virus in the area. Methods From October 2013 to October 2014, monitoring sites were set up according to the requirements of the “Serum and Environmental HPAI Surveillance Program for Occupationally Exposed Persons (2011 Edition)” from October 2013 to October 2014, collecting fecal samples of stools, sewage samples from live poultry markets, The board surface wipe specimens, birds drinking water specimens, cages with surface wipe specimens. Fluorescent quantitative PCR was used to detect influenza A and H5, H7 and H9 subtype nucleic acids. Results Six hundred samples of peripheral blood samples were tested. 44 samples were positive for avian influenza virus nucleic acid detection, the positive rate was 7.33%. 26 H5 subtype nucleic acids were positive, 2 H7 subtype nucleic acids were positive, H9 subtype nucleic acid was positive 16 copies. Conclusion H5, H7 and H9 subtypes are present in wild birds and poultry in the Yellow River Delta. The positive rate of nucleic acid detection of avian influenza virus in the live poultry market sewage and the chopping board is relatively high. There is a risk of spread of infection between humans and birds.