小学生的责任感需要在不断“做”的过程中养成。小学阶段提升学生责任感,学校主要有两条路径:提供权责统一的养料,构建民主规范的环境。权责统一的养料必须充分考虑道德教育学科的本质特性、学生原有的经验和认知规律,以及学校所处的社区环境。构建民主规范的环境核心在于课堂教学方式的变革,课堂中需要有充分的适应与交往、认识与探索、分享与尊重,给学生提供实践的环境和机会。 The sense of responsibility of primary school students needs to be developed constantly in the process of “doing”. Primary stage to enhance student responsibility, the school has two main routes: to provide a unified nourishment responsibility, to build a democratic norms of the environment. The unified nourishment of rights and responsibilities must take full account of the essential characteristics of the discipline of moral education, the original experience and cognitive rules of the students, and the community environment in which the school is located. The core of the environment for constructing democratic norms lies in the transformation of classroom teaching methods. Classrooms need adequate adaptation and interaction, awareness and exploration, sharing and respect, and provide students with a practical environment and opportunity.