科学家们不断从生物因素角度探索阿片类药物成瘾的机理，发现阿片受体、脑啡肽、腺苷酸环化酶、单胺类递质，如多巴胺（ＤＡ）、去甲肾上腺素（ＮＥ）等与阿片类药物的依赖存在着内在联系，依赖状态由结构活化的μ＊受体及向上调节的ｃＡＭＰ系统组成，由μ一δ－受体调控。阿片进入体内，使血浆中游离的没有活性的阿片肽增多。ｃＡＭＰ信号系统向上调节，包括增加腺苷酸环化酶（ＡＣ）和蛋白激酶Ａ（ＰＫＡ）的活性。自然戒断症状时，渗析液中ＤＡ含量降低，β－肾上腺素能受体的数量增加。使Ｃａ２＋内流减少，细胞膜呈超极化 Scientists continue to explore the mechanism of opioid addiction from a biological point of view and found that opioid receptors, enkephalin, adenylate cyclase, monoamine transmitters such as dopamine (DA), norepinephrine (NE ) And other opioid dependence is intrinsically linked, dependent state by the structural activation of μ * receptors and upward regulation of the cAMP system, by a μ δ-receptor regulation. Opiate into the body, so that plasma in the free activity of opioid peptide increased. The cAMP signaling system up-regulates, including increased adenylyl cyclase (AC) and protein kinase A (PKA) activity. Natural withdrawal symptoms, dialysate DA content decreased, the number of β-adrenergic receptors increased. Ca2 influx to reduce the membrane was hyperpolarized