目的 探讨经皮椎体成形术(PVP)结合伤椎椎弓根钉内固定治疗重度骨质疏松性胸腰椎椎体压缩性骨折的疗效.方法 选取2016年1月至2017年1月间宁夏医科大学脊柱骨科收治的重度OVCF单个椎体骨折患者23例,7例为男性,16例为女性,骨折椎体分布范围从胸10到腰5,伤后平均6天手术,均采用PVP结合伤椎椎弓根钉内固定治疗.对病人术前、术后三天及末次随访进行视觉模拟量表(VAS)、Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)评分,测定并记录伤椎术前、术后3天、末次随访Cobb角、伤椎椎体前缘及椎体中心高度.结果 所有病人随访12～24个月,平均为(17.6±4.1)个月.术后第3天ODI评分、VAS评分,伤椎Cobb角,伤椎椎体前缘高度伤椎椎体中线高度与术前相比P0.05).术后共有3例骨水泥渗漏,但均无神经压迫,末次随访无断钉断棒发生.结论 PVP结合伤椎椎弓根钉内固定治疗重度骨质疏松性胸腰椎体压缩骨折不仅能恢复伤椎高度,改善病人疼痛症状,使病人尽早下床生活,并且远期伤椎高度没有明显丢失,是重度骨质疏松性胸腰椎椎体压缩性骨折治疗的一种可靠有效方法.“,”Objective To investigate the e?cacy of percutaneous vertebroplasty(PVP) combined with pedicle screw internal fixation in the treatment of thoracolumbar vertebral compression fractures with severe osteoporosis. Methods?23 patients with severe OVCF single vertebral fracture admitted to the department of orthopaedics of our hospital from January 2016 to January 2017 were selected, including 7 males and 16 females. The distribution range of fractured vertebral bodies ranged from chest 10 to 15, and the average 6 days after injury weretreated with PVP combined with pedicle screw internal fixation. Visual simulation scale (VAS) and Oswestry disability index (ODI) scores were performed for the patients before surgery, three days after surgery and at the last follow-up. The Cobb Angle, the anterior margin of the vertebral body and the central height of the vertebral body were measured and recorded before surgery, three days after surgery and at the last follow-up. Results All patients were followed up for 12 to 24 months with an average of (17.6±4.1) months. On the 3rd day after operation, the ODI score was (26.6±7.3)%, the VAS score was (1.7±0.5), the Cobb angle of the injured vertebra was (19.9±5.7)°, and the height of the leading edge of the injured vertebra was (20.36±2.67)mm. The midline height of the injured vertebral body (19.63±2.33) mm was statistically di?erent from that of the preoperative ( P ＜0.05). At the last follow-up, the anterior edge of the injured vertebral body (19.89±2.39) mm and the midline height of the injured vertebrae (18.96±2.16) mm were not significantly di?erent from the data on the third day after operation ( P ＞ 0.05). There were 3 cases of bone cement leakage after operation, but no nerve compression. The last follow-up did not break the nail. Conclusion PVP combined injury vertebral pedicle screw internal fixation in treatment of severe osteoporosis fracture of thoracolumbar body compression can notonly recover injured vertebral height, improve patient pain symptoms, the patient bed life as soon as possible, and the long-term injury vertebral height without obvious loss, is severely osteoporotic thoracolumbar vertebral compression fractures in a reliable and e?ective method of treatment.