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以盛果期12年生中晚熟品种“重阳红”桃为试材,研究了水肥耦合对“重阳红”桃果实产量、品质及采果前叶片光合性能的影响。结果表明:与对照相比,施用蚯蚓粪后平均单株产量增加3.95%~49.72%,株施蚯蚓粪9kg增产效果最佳;施用相同量蚯蚓粪条件下,水肥耦合处理的增产效果显著优于不灌水的处理,株施蚯蚓粪9kg,灌水30L(T4处理)的产量最高。施用蚯蚓粪可不同程度地提高桃果实内在品质,其中T4处理可显著增加果实中的可溶性固形物、固酸比,相比对照分别提高了17.40%和60.27%。施用蚯蚓粪还可提高采果前叶片光合性能,显著提高了叶片的净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度,其中T4处理效果最佳,分别为对照的1.33、1.30、1.56倍。同样,施用相同量蚯蚓粪的情况下,水肥耦合处理的蒸腾速率、气孔导度显著高于不灌水处理。综上所述,施用蚯蚓粪可提高桃的产量和果实品质,也可提高采果前叶片光合性能,其中株施蚯蚓粪9kg,灌水30L处理的效果最好。
The effects of water and fertilizer coupling on the yield and quality of Peach fruit and the photosynthetic characteristics of the leaves before harvesting were studied by using middle and late maturing varieties "Chongyang red The results showed that compared with the control, the average yield per plant increased 3.95% -49.72% after application of vermicompost and the yield of 9kg earthworm vermicompost was the best. With the same amount of vermicompost, the yield increase of water-fertilizer coupling treatment was significantly better than that of vermicompost Without irrigation treatment, the plant cast earthworm excrement 9kg, irrigation 30L (T4 treatment) the highest yield. The application of vermicompost could improve the inherent quality of peach fruits to different extents. Among them, T4 treatment could significantly increase the soluble solids and solid-acid ratio of fruits, which increased by 17.40% and 60.27% respectively compared with the control. The application of vermicompost could also improve the photosynthetic characteristics of the leaves before harvesting, and significantly increased the net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate and stomatal conductance of leaves, of which T4 treatment effect was the best, which were 1.33,1.30,1.56 times of the control respectively. Similarly, with the same amount of vermicompost, the transpiration rate and stomatal conductance of water-fertilizer coupling treatment were significantly higher than those without irrigating treatment. In summary, the application of vermicompost can improve peach yield and fruit quality, but also improve the photosynthetic characteristics of the leaves before paring, in which the application of earthworm vermicompost 9kg, 30L irrigation effect of the best.