埃及经济学家曾预言,埃及在80年代将陷入外债的泥沼之中,然而,现在的情况表明,埃及在90年代将背负失业问题的沉重包袱。 60年代初,埃及只有17.5万失业者,失业率仅为2.2％。目前失业人数已达201万,失业率高达14.7％。在庞大的失业队伍中,大中专毕业生占了90％,另外还有大批的辍学学生、文盲和从国外返回的工人,失业危机甚至波及到军队。在失业队伍中,女性高于男性4倍。受过高等教育的女大学生遭受失业的威胁更大。另据埃及《图画》周刊透露,埃及至少有200万农民流入城市,因此,埃及实际失业人数可能达400万人。 Egyptian economists had predicted that Egypt would be plunged into foreign debt in the 1980s. However, the current situation shows that Egypt was burdened by the unemployment problem in the 1990s. In the early 1960s, there were only 175,000 unemployed people in Egypt, with an unemployment rate of just 2.2%. At present, the number of unemployed people has reached 2.01 million with the unemployment rate as high as 14.7%. Among the large unemployed, college graduates make up 90% of the total. In addition, there are a large number of students who drop out of school, illiterate women and workers who return from abroad, and the unemployment crisis has even spread to the military. Among the unemployed, women are four times more likely than men. Female college graduates with higher education are at greater risk of losing their jobs. According to Egypt’s “Pictorial” weekly magazine, at least 200 million peasants in Egypt have infiltrated the city. As a result, the actual number of unemployed people in Egypt may reach 4 million.