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政府官员们在生态补偿及其相关政策的制定与执行上发挥着关键作用,对其生态补偿认知及意愿进行探讨具有重要意义。采用专题座谈与问卷调查相结合的方式,在张家界市、桑植县、湘西州、吉首市、凤凰县和古丈县等各级政府,通过对发改、税务、林业、水利、国土资源、环保、规划、经济开发区、统计、煤炭、科技、农业、畜牧水产及生态补偿相关职能部门官员们的调研。结果表明:官员们的生态补偿意识较好,比较了解生态补偿等概念;在生态补偿态度方面,认为国家和所有生态受益者是补偿主体,赞同国家按比例征收生态补偿税,补偿强度应该与地区发展实际情况相挂钩,在补偿标准确定方法上比较相信和服从国家政策的总体规定;在生态补偿技能与行为方面,大多通过报刊、杂志、书籍、电视了解生态补偿相关信息,最有效的生态补偿方式为现金补偿,且比较注重将政府协调解决与其他手段相结合的生态补偿利益协调机制。在此基础上,提出了实施生态补偿政策的建议。
Government officials play a key role in the formulation and implementation of ecological compensation and related policies. It is of great significance to discuss their cognition and willingness for ecological compensation. Through the combination of thematic discussion with the questionnaire survey, the government at all levels in Zhangjiajie, Sangzhi, Xiangxi, Jishou, Fenghuang and Guzhang passed the reform on development, taxation, forestry, water conservancy, land and resources, Environmental Protection, Planning, Economic Development Zone, Statistics, Coal, Science and Technology, Agriculture, Livestock and Aquaculture, and Ecological Compensation. The results show that officials are more aware of ecological compensation and understand the concept of ecological compensation more. In the aspect of ecological compensation attitude, the state and all ecological beneficiaries are considered as compensation main body, agree with the state that the ecological compensation tax should be levied proportionally, and compensation intensity should be compared with that of the region The development of the actual situation linked to the method of determining the level of compensation to believe and comply with the overall national policy requirements; in ecological compensation skills and behavior, mostly through the newspapers, magazines, books, TV, ecological compensation-related information, the most effective ecological compensation The method is cash compensation, and the government pays more attention to coordinating the coordination of ecological compensation benefits coordination mechanism combined with other means. On this basis, put forward the suggestion of implementing ecological compensation policy.