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目的了解广州市高校大学生烟草流行现况及其影响因素,为有效控制大学生吸烟提供科学依据。方法采用整群随机抽样法调查广州某综合性高校850名大学生的吸烟情况,使用SPSS13.0软件进行统计分析。结果广州某综合性高校大学生吸烟率为15.4%(男生21.6%,女生9.4%),不同性别、生源地、年级、月消费水平的大学生吸烟率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对吸烟有不同认知和态度的大学生吸烟率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),对烟草危害知识和对禁烟持有正向的态度(认为吸烟是成瘾性疾病、介意别人在周围吸烟和支持禁烟广告等),有利于减少大学生吸烟的行为。多因素logistic回归分析结果表明生源地、自觉健康状况和成绩等6个因素是大学生吸烟的影响因素,来自香港的大学生吸烟的危险性是来自内地城镇大学生的4.45(1.67~11.87)倍;自觉健康状况很差的大学生吸烟的危险性比很好的大学生高(OR=1.98,95%CI:1.32~2.24);半年内患3次及以上腹泻/感冒是吸烟的保护因素(OR=0.06,95%CI:0.02~0.16);患慢性病的大学生吸烟的危险性是未患大学生的3.54(1.55~8.05)倍;夜晚睡眠时间为6 h和8 h以上的大学生吸烟的危险性比睡眠时间少于6 h的高(分别OR=16.35,95%CI:4.39~60.84;OR=5.31,95%CI:1.27~22.25);成绩在班级位于下三分之一的大学生吸烟的危险性是上1/3学生的4.20(1.33~13.27)倍。结论该综合性高校大学生吸烟率处于较高水平,生源地、自觉健康状况、患腹泻/感冒频率、是否患慢性病、夜晚睡眠时间和成绩6个因素是吸烟的影响因素。针对该校大学生特别是来自香港、自觉健康状况很差和成绩位于班级下三分之一的男生,应积极开展有效的健康教育和行为干预措施,以降低高校烟草的流行趋势。
Objective To understand the prevalence and influencing factors of tobacco use among university students in Guangzhou and to provide a scientific basis for the effective control of smoking among college students. Methods A cluster random sampling method was used to investigate the smoking status of 850 college students in a university in Guangzhou. SPSS13.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Results The prevalence of smoking among college students in a university in Guangzhou was 15.4% (21.6% for boys and 9.4% for girls). There was significant difference in smoking prevalence among college students with different gender, source, grade and monthly consumption (P <0.05). There was significant difference (P <0.05) in smoking prevalence among college students who had different cognition and attitudes about smoking. They also had a positive attitude to knowledge of tobacco hazards and a positive attitude toward smoking cessation (smoking was considered as an addictive disease and mind others smoking around And support for non-smoking ads, etc.) is conducive to reducing the smoking behavior of college students. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that 6 factors such as habitat, voluntary health status and grades were the influencing factors of college students smoking. The risk of smoking among college students from Hong Kong was 4.45 (1.67 ~ 11.87) times higher than that of mainland students in mainland China. College students who were in poor condition had a higher risk of smoking than well-educated college students (OR = 1.98, 95% CI: 1.32-2.24); diarrhea / flu three or more times within six months were the protective factors of smoking (OR = 0.06,95 % CI: 0.02-0.16). The risk of smoking among college students who had chronic diseases was 3.54 (1.55 ~ 8.05) times higher than that of college students. The students who slept for more than 6 hours and 8 hours at night had less risk of smoking than those who slept 6-year-old (OR = 16.35, 95% CI: 4.39-60.84, OR = 5.31, 95% CI: 1.27-22.25, respectively); the risk of smoking among college students in the bottom third of the class was 1 / 3 students 4.20 (1.33 ~ 13.27) times. Conclusions The prevalence of smoking among college students in a comprehensive university is at a high level. Six factors such as birthplace, conscious health status, frequency of diarrhea / cold, chronic diseases, nighttime sleep time and grades are the influencing factors of smoking. For boys at the university, especially those from Hong Kong, who are in poor health condition and the lower third of the class, effective health education and behavioral interventions should be actively carried out to reduce the prevalence of tobacco in universities.