毛泽东和邓小平在对待对立统一规律问题上能够一脉相承 ,但在实际应用过程中却部分地呈现出不同。这种哲学运思上的差别 ,使两位伟人在社会主义经济特征的认识上有了区别。导致差异的深层原因是 :时代背景的鲜明反差和不同的个性特征、性格、气质。应从差异中更深刻地体察毛、邓思想的精湛之处 ,并以史为鉴 ,接受过去的经验和教训 ,以对当前我国进行的政治、经济体制改革予以理论上的正确引导 Mao Zedong and Deng Xiaoping can treat each other in the same spirit in treating the law of the unity of opposites, but show some differences in the practical application. This difference in philosophical thinking led to the difference between the two great men in the understanding of the socialist economic characteristics. The underlying causes of the differences are: the contrasting background of the times and different personality traits, personality and temperament. From the differences, we should have a deeper understanding of the exquisiteness of Mao and Deng’s thinking. We should learn from history and accept past experience and lessons so as to theoretically and correctly guide the current political and economic reform in our country.