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目的：提供一种评价合金变色的客观、精确、易行的方法；探讨低贵合金变色的影响因素。方法：用色差计，能谱分析及金相显微观察的方法研究８种合金体外变色。结果：①随合金贵金属含量下降，合金抗变色能力也下降；②显微结构均匀的单相组织比多相组织抗晦暗性高；③变色主要发生于富Ｃｕ相与富Ａｇ相。结论：①低贵合金的晦暗不仅与贵金属含量有关而且与显微结构相关；②色差计可作为客观评价合金变色的可行方法。
Objective: To provide an objective, accurate and easy way to evaluate the discoloration of alloy and to explore the influencing factors of discoloration of low alloy. Methods: The color changes of 8 kinds of alloys were studied by color difference meter, energy spectrum analysis and metallographic observation. Results: ① With the decrease of alloy precious metal content, the anti-discoloration ability of the alloy also decreased. ② The anti-dull property of the single-phase structure with uniform microstructure was higher than that of the multiphase structure. ③ The color change mainly occurred in the Cu-rich and Ag-rich phases. Conclusion: (1) The dullness of low-alloy is not only related to the content of precious metals but also to the microstructure. (2) The colorimeter can be used as a feasible method to objectively evaluate the discoloration of alloy.