目的了解2014年与2010年羌族中学生体质的变化情况及影响因素,为有针对性地改善羌族学生体质健康提供科学依据。方法收集2010年及2014年阿坝藏族羌族自治州13~18岁羌族学生体质健康调研数据,运用χ~2检验分析不同时期生活方式的差异,运用主成分综合评分法计算调查对象的综合评分,作为因变量进行多重线性回归分析,分别对羌族中学男、女生体质的影响因素进行探索。结果 2014年与2010年相比,每天参加课间操和每天体育锻炼时间超过1 h的学生比例均增高(χ~2值分别为133.176,81.200,P值均<0.01),而做作业时间<1 h的学生比例减少(χ~2=27.026,P<0.01),愿意参与课外体育锻炼的学生比例减少(χ~2=4.036,P=0.045)。多重线性回归分析发现,影响男生体质综合评分的因素为年份、年龄、体育运动的时间、参加长跑锻炼的意愿和作业时间(B值分别为0.47,0.41,0.15,0.08,-0.12,P值均<0.05),而影响女生体质综合评分的因素为时期、年龄、喜欢体育课、上体育课的感觉和挤占或不上体育课(B值分别为0.38,0.03,0.07,0.10,-0.06,P值均<0.05)。结论合理、规范设置学校体育锻炼,保证学生每天足够的锻炼时间,对提高中学生体质有着重要的促进作用。 Objective To understand the changes and influencing factors of Qiang middle school students ’physique in 2014 and 2010, and to provide a scientific basis for improving Qiang minority students’ physical health. Methods The data of health survey of Qiang students aged 13-18 years from Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture in 2010 and 2014 were collected. The chi-square test was used to analyze the differences of lifestyle in different periods. The comprehensive score of the subjects was calculated by using the principal component score method. Multiple linear regression analysis of variables, respectively, to explore the Qiang middle and high school boys and girls physical factors. Results Compared with 2010, the proportion of students who took part in class gymnastics and physical exercise every day for more than 1 hour in 2014 was higher (χ ~ 2 = 133.176, 81.200, P <0.01, respectively) The proportion of students who were willing to participate in extracurricular physical exercise decreased (χ ~ 2 = 4.036, P = 0.045) after 1 h of study (χ ~ 2 = 27.026, P <0.01). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the factors influencing boys’ comprehensive physical fitness were year, age, physical exercise time, willingness to participate in long-distance running and working time (B values ​​were 0.47, 0.41, 0.15, 0.08, -0.12, P <0.05). The factors affecting the girl’s physical comprehensive score were age, age, physical education, physical education and physical education (B values ​​were 0.38,0.03,0.07,0.10,0.06, P All <0.05). Conclusion Reasonable, standardized school physical exercise to ensure that students enough exercise time every day, to improve the physical fitness of secondary school students has an important role in promoting.