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长期以来,小学数学教学以集中思维为主要思维方式,课本上的题目和材料的呈现过程大都循着一个模式,学生习惯于按照书上写的与教师教的方式去思考问题,用符合常规的思路和方法解决问题,这对于基础知识、基本技能的掌握是必要的,但对于小学生学习数学兴趣的激发、智力能力的发展,特别是创造性思维的发展,显然是不够的。而发散思维却正好反映了创造性思维“尽快联想,尽量多做出假设和提出多种解决问题方案”的特点,因而成为创造性思维的一种主要形式。
For a long time, primary school mathematics teaching has focused on thinking as the main way of thinking. Most of the problems on the textbooks and material presentation follows a pattern. Students are accustomed to thinking about problems according to the way they are written and teachers teach them. Ideas and methods to solve the problem, which is essential for the mastery of basic knowledge and basic skills, but for primary school students to stimulate the interest in learning mathematics, intellectual development, especially the development of creative thinking, is clearly not enough. Divergent thinking, however, reflects exactly the characteristics of creative thinking, “making associations as soon as possible, making as many assumptions as possible, and proposing solutions to many problems”, thus becoming a major form of creative thinking.