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临近空间(20~50km)航空活动是全世界航空大国竞相研究的热点。太阳辐射环境研究是开展该高度层航空活动的必要前提,然而临近空间辐射观测资料空白对其开发利用造成了障碍。臭氧是影响高空辐射环境的关键因子,基于欧洲中尺度预报中心再分析资料对中国区临近空间臭氧的空间分布、季节变化特征进行了分析,发现其时空分布及演变具备区域性特点,同时根据平流层大气数据及地表特征等将中国临近空间划分为5个区域,确定不同区域关键参数值,利用SBDART辐射传输模型对临近空间全波段太阳辐射及紫外辐射分别进行模拟。模拟结果显示受纬度、臭氧总量、垂直分布等影响,辐射值变化规律较为复杂。全波段太阳辐射年均和逐月值随纬度降低而增大,年较差则相反;大气的吸收作用与纬度、海陆差异有关,表现出不同的强度和季节变化特征;在紫外波段,南海上空辐射最强,年较差小,月较差很小且夏强冬弱,其他区域辐射值夏强冬弱,月较差呈双峰特征,春秋强,冬夏弱;大气的吸收作用受多因子影响,除南海外,各区域夏季辐射垂向差异更大;大气吸收引起的月较差垂向变化均表现为6、7月高低空月振幅一致,其它月份辐射值在高层月较差更大。
Near Space (20 ~ 50km) Aviation activities are the hot spots competing in the research of the world’s aviation powers. Research on solar radiation environment is a necessary prerequisite for carrying out the aviation activities at this level, however, the blank of space radiation observation data near the boundary has created obstacles to its development and utilization. Based on the reanalysis data of the European Mesoscale Prediction Center, the spatial and seasonal variations of ozone in the vicinity of China are analyzed. It is found that the temporal and spatial distribution and evolution of ozone have the regional characteristics. At the same time, Layer atmosphere data and surface features to divide the adjacent space in China into five regions and determine the key parameter values in different regions. The SBDART radiative transfer model was used to simulate the solar radiation and ultraviolet radiation in the full-band near the space. Simulation results show that latitude, total ozone and vertical distribution influence the variation of radiation values more complicated. The mean and monthly values of solar radiation in the whole band increased with the decrease of latitude and reversed with the annual difference. The absorption of the atmosphere was related to latitude, land-sea difference and showed different intensity and seasonal variations. In the ultraviolet region, The radiation was the strongest in the year, the annual difference was small, the monthly difference was small and Xiaqiangdong was weak. The radiation of other regions was weak in summer and weak in the month, with a strong bimodal pattern in spring and autumn and weak in the winter and summer. The absorption of air was affected by many factors In addition to the South China Sea, the vertical variation of summer radiation in all regions is even greater. The vertical variations of monthly variations due to atmospheric absorption are the same in June and July, while the monthly values of radiation in other months are worse than those in the upper layers .