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同种异体器官移植术临床上已有报道的包括心、肾、肺、肝、胰腺、骨髓、脾、神经、骨、软骨、牙、鼓膜、听小骨和毛发等。近30年来,由于抗菌素的应用、听觉生理的进步、手术显微镜等精密医疗器械的产生以及组织移植的发展,从而促进了中耳传音机构重建术的进展。自1953年Wullstein提出鼓室成形术的5种基本类型以来,虽在手术操作方面有所改进,然无重大突破。近几年来,随着免疫学研究的进展,选用同种异体鼓膜与听小骨作为新的取材,无疑是鼓室成形术的一大发展。1964年Chalat首次试用移植新鲜尸体的鼓膜
Allogeneic organ transplantation has been reported clinically including heart, kidney, lung, liver, pancreas, bone marrow, spleen, nerve, bone, cartilage, teeth, tympanic membrane, ossicles and hair and so on. In the past 30 years, due to the application of antibiotics, the progress of auditory physiology, the production of precision medical devices such as surgical microscopes, and the development of tissue transplantation, the progress of middle ear acoustic reconstruction has been promoted. Since the introduction of the five basic types of tympanoplasty by Wullstein in 1953, no major breakthrough has been made in terms of surgical procedures. In recent years, with the progress of immunological research, the selection of allogeneic eardrum and ossicular bone as a new material, is undoubtedly a major development tympanoplasty. In 1964 Chalat first trial of transplanting the eardrum of fresh cadaver