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活塞是决定发动机寿命的主要零件之一,而活塞最薄弱的部位是上活塞环槽(气环用槽)。因此,为了提高上活塞环槽的耐磨性,通常是在该处,安装耐蚀高镍铸铁,灰铸铁或钢制嵌件。但这种方法不够可靠,因为难以保证嵌件与基体材料的结合质量。另外,由于难以获得均匀的强化层,所以还不能利用氩弧堆焊,等离子堆焊以及电子束堆焊等方法来强化活塞环槽。因此,汽车工业工艺研究所的专家们提出了自己的方法——采取用激光熔化耐磨配料使铝活塞环槽区合金化。
The piston is one of the main components that determine the life of the engine, while the weakest part of the piston is the upper piston ring groove (groove for gas ring). Therefore, in order to improve the wear resistance of the upper piston ring groove, it is usually where corrosion-resistant high-nickel cast iron, gray cast iron or steel inserts are installed. However, this method is not reliable enough because it is difficult to guarantee the bonding quality of the insert and the base material. In addition, since it is difficult to obtain a uniform reinforcing layer, the piston ring groove can not be strengthened by methods such as argon arc welding, plasma surfacing and electron beam welding. As a result, experts at the Institute of Automotive Process Technology have come up with their own method of taking the laser melting wear-resistant ingredients to alloying aluminum piston ring groove area.