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以华北土石山区四种常见乔木的根系为研究对象,采用全挖法,从根长、根径、土层深度和生物量等方面进行比较,并计算了四个树种随土壤深度变化的累积根系长度百分比,利用Sketchup Pro 8软件建立了各根系的形态模型。结果表明:四个树种根系长度差别较大,总长度大小顺序依次为白桦>落叶松>蒙古栎>油松;不同树种不同径级根的差别较大;各树种根系垂直分布范围集中在0～60cm的土层中,在60cm以下的土层中分布很少。研究中四个树种拟合的β值都在0.960-0.970之间,根系垂直分布方式都显示出深根型根系轮廓。用软件模拟出的根系形态较接近实际。
Taking root system of four common tree species in the rocky mountain area of North China as the research object, the method of full digging was used to compare the root length, root diameter, depth of soil layer and biomass, and the cumulative roots of four tree species with soil depth were calculated The percentage of length, the use of Sketchup Pro 8 software to establish a morphological model of each root system. The results showed that the root length of the four species varied greatly, and the order of the total length was Betula albosinensis> Larix gmelinii> Quercus mongolica> Pinus tabulaeformis. The difference of root diameter of different tree species was larger. 60cm soil layer, in the soil below 60cm distribution is very small. The β values of the four tree species fitting in the study ranged from 0.960 to 0.970, and the vertical distribution of the root system showed the deep rooted root profile. The shape of root system simulated by software is closer to reality.