在《存在主义是一种人道主义》中,萨特针对几种对存在主义的责难进行了辩护,并阐述了自己的基本观点。本文从萨特的自由观入手对其“存在先于本质”的论点进行论述,进而评述他关于自由选择和自我承担责任的理论,最后指出其绝对自由理论最终走向了唯意志论,他的自我承担责任理论也是空设的、不现实的。 In “Existentialism is a Humanism,” Sartre defended several censure of existentialism and elaborated his own basic point of view. This article begins with Sartre’s concept of freedom and discusses his argument of “existence precedes essence”, and then reviews his theory of freedom of choice and self-responsibility. Finally, he points out that his theory of absolute freedom eventually moves toward voluntarism. The theory of self-responsibility is also empty, unrealistic.