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对2年7个组合P_1、P_2、F_1、F_2、B_1和B_2六世代资料进行世代平均数遗传分析,估算了小麦单株生物量、单株粒重、单株有效穗、株高、每穗粒数、千粒重、收获指数等7个主要数量性状的基因效应.结果表明,所研究性状除受加性、显性作用外,还普遍受上位性影响.上位性大小和类型因性状、组合和年份而异.在上位性中,单株生物量、单株粒重、每穗粒数以〔1〕为主,千粒重、单株有效穗以〔i〕为主,株高以〔i〕、〔1〕为主,收获指数〔i〕、〔j〕、〔1〕均较重要.可用双基因互作模型解释所研究性状的基因作用,三级或更高级基因互作可忽略不计.
Six generations of seven generations of P_1, P_2, F_1, F_2, B_1 and B_2 in two years were genetically analyzed by means of generation average. The biomass per plant, grain weight per plant, effective panicle per plant, plant height, Grain weight, grain weight, grain weight, harvest index and other seven major quantitative traits.The results showed that the traits were generally influenced by epistasis except additive and dominant effects.The epistatic size and type were affected by traits, combinations and The epistasis in the epistasis, plant biomass, grain weight per plant, grain number per spike [1] based, 1000-grain weight, effective panicle [i] mainly plant height to [i] [1], the harvested index [i], [j], [1] are all more important, and the gene interaction of the trait can be explained by a two-gene interaction model. The interaction of three or more genes is negligible.