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目的:通过20米往返跑(20-mSRT)测试了解上海城区7～17岁中小学生心肺耐力随年龄变化特征。方法:采用分层随机整群抽样方法,抽取上海城区7～17岁身体健康的中小学生4284名(男2168名,女2116名),按年龄、性别分组,同时对受试者的测试动机和测试条件等容易影响测试结果可靠性的各种因素进行控制。受试者先进行身高、体重等形态学指标测试,准备活动后再进入20-mSRT测试。测试用CD与测试过程严格按照Leger测试方法。20-mSRT是逐级递增负荷的亚极限运动测试,受试者在相隔20米的两条线之间进行由慢到快的往返跑,跑步节奏由音乐节拍器控制,直到连续3次不能在规定时间内按要求踏上或踏过端线,或感到确实无法坚持运动时停止测试。结果:(1)上海城区8～16岁男生和7～13岁女生20-mSRT成绩随年龄增长而增加(P<0.05),但14～17岁女生变化不显著;且同龄男生20-mSRT成绩均大于女生(P<0.05)。(2)上海城区8～16岁男生和7～13岁女生20-mSRT最后跑速随年龄增长而增加(P<0.05),14～17岁女生变化不明显,且同龄男生最后跑速均大于女生(P<0.05)。结论:横断面研究显示上海城区8～16岁男生和7～13岁女生20-mSRT成绩和最后跑速均随年龄增长而增加,14～17岁女生增加不明显;同龄男生20-mSRT成绩和最后跑速均大于女生。
OBJECTIVE: To understand the characteristics of cardiopulmonary endurance of school-age children aged 7 to 17 in Shanghai with 20-mSRT (20-mSRT) test. Methods: By stratified stratified random cluster sampling method, 4284 primary and secondary school students (2168 males and 2116 females) aged 7-17 years old in Shanghai city were drawn and divided into groups by age and sex. At the same time, Test conditions and other factors that easily affect the reliability of test results. Subjects first height, weight and other morphological indicators of testing, to prepare for activities before entering the 20-mSRT test. Test CDs and test procedures in strict accordance with the Leger test method. The 20-mSRT is a sub-extreme exercise test that progressively increases the load progressively. The subjects perform a slow-to-fast round-trip between two lines 20 meters apart. The running tempo is controlled by the musical metronome until 3 consecutive times can not be performed As long as required to set foot on or over the end of the line, or do not feel the exercise can stop testing. Results: (1) The scores of 20-mSRT among 8-16-year-old boys and 7-13-year-old girls in Shanghai city increased with age (P <0.05), but there was no significant difference between 14-17-year-old girls and 20-mSRT Both were greater than girls (P <0.05). (2) The final running speed of 20-mSRT in Shanghai urban boys aged from 8 to 16 and girls aged 7 to 13 increased with age (P <0.05), while the changes of 14-17-year-old girls were not obvious. Girls (P <0.05). Conclusion: The cross-sectional study showed that the 20-mSRT scores and the final running speed of 8-16-year-old boys and 7-13-year-old girls in Shanghai city increased with the increase of age while the increase of 14-17-year-old girls was not obvious. The final running speed is greater than the girls.