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鸢尾科有60属800多种,其中屑鸢尾属(Iris)最美。这一属有200多种,大部分生在比较寒冷而且雨水少的地方,少数生在浅水或湿地中。我国野生的40种大多分布在北方,与常见生在沙土地、路边上的马蔺(I. lactea var. Chinensis,初夏开满小蓝花)一起,为园林增添不少野趣。栽培的鸢尾大部分具有根茎,按花的形态分为有髯类和无髯类,还有极少数将髯变成锯齿或鸡冠状突起。所谓髯,就是指在3片立瓣下面、3片垂瓣基部中央的一绺胡须状的突起,有着不同于花瓣的颜
Iris family has 60 genera and 800 kinds, of which Iris (Iris) the most beautiful. This genus has more than 200 species, most of which were born in colder and less rainy places, with a few born in shallow water or wetlands. The 40 species of wild in China are mostly distributed in the north. Together with I. lactea var. Chinensis, which is commonly found on sandy land and on the curb, it adds a lot of rustic charm to gardens. Most of the cultivated irises have rhizomes, and are divided into two categories according to the shape of the flowers, namely, slender and non-slender, and a few of them turn serrated or coronoid. The so-called 髯, refers to the three petals under the flap, three baskets at the base of a 绺 beard-like protuberance, has a different color than the petals