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[目的]探讨影响行腹腔镜直肠癌根治术淋巴结检出数量的相关因素.[方法]选择2016年2月至2017年3月本院胃肠外科收治的87例行腹腔镜直肠癌根治术直肠癌患者的临床资料,根据术前是否接受新辅助治疗(包括放化疗),将其分为新辅助治疗组(n=34)和非新辅助治疗组(n=53).统计患者术后标本中淋巴结的检出数量,对可能影响淋巴结的检出数量的各种临床病理因素进行分析.[结果]肿瘤最大直径、标本长度、肿瘤浸润的深度和手术者与淋巴结检出数量显著相关,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05).非新辅助治疗组平均总淋巴结检出数、平均肠壁淋巴结检出数和平均肠系膜淋巴结检出数均明显大于新辅助治疗组患者,差异均具有统计学意义(P12枚的独立影响因素.[结论]直肠癌患者肿瘤最大直径、标本长度、肿瘤浸润的深度与淋巴结检出数量有关.肿瘤最大直径小、标本长度小、肿瘤浸润的深度程度低、术前接受过新辅助治疗的患者,术后标本中淋巴结检出数12枚的可能性较大.“,”[Objective]To investigate the factors influencing the number of lymph nodes detected after lap-aroscopic radical resection of rectal cancer.[Methods]Clinical data of 87 patients with rectal cancer undergoing laparoscopic radical resection of rectal cancer from February 2016 to March 2017 were selected.According to whether the patients received neoadjuvant therapy(including radiotherapy and chemotherapy)before opera-tion,they were divided into neo-adjuvant therapy group and non-neoadjuvant treatment group.All kinds of clinicopathological factors which may affect the number of lymph nodes detected were analyzed.[Results]The maximum diameter of the tumor,the length of the specimen,the depth of tumor invasion and the number of lymph nodes detected by the operation were significantly correlated,the difference was statistically significant (P 0.05).The average number of total lymph nodes in the non neoadjuvant therapy group,the average number of intestinal lymph nodes and the number of mesenteric lymph nodes were significantly higher than those in the neoadjuvant therapy group,the difference was statistically significant(P <0.001).The maximum diameter of the tumor,the length of the specimen,the depth of tumor invasion,and whether the neoadjuvant therapy was accepted or not were independent factors affecting the number of lymph nodes more than 12.[Conclusion]The maximum diameter of tumor,the length of specimen,and the depth of tumor invasion were related to the number of lymph nodes detected in rectal cancer patients.Patients with minimal tumor diameter,small speci-men length,low depth of tumor infiltration,and preoperative neoadjuvant therapy are more likely to detect 12 lymph nodes in postoperative specimens.