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重金属镉进入植物体后会引起一系列的毒害反应,然而迄今为止有关镉毒害的机制并不明了。本研究综合使用了膜电势测定、非损伤微测和膜片钳等电生理学实验技术,检测了镉对水稻根毛细胞钾离子吸收过程的影响。研究结果显示,外源施用50μmol·L-1 CdCl2能明显造成水稻根毛细胞膜的去极化,抑制根毛细胞质膜内向K+通道活性,同时诱导外向K+通道开放,导致根系内K+外渗,进而降低了水稻根部K+含量。通过上述影响,镉扰乱了水稻根系对钾离子的吸收过程,造成钾元素缺失,成为植物体镉毒害作用的机理之一。
The heavy metal cadmium can cause a series of toxic reactions after entering the plant. However, the mechanism of cadmium poisoning so far is not clear. In this study, the membrane potential measurement, non-invasive micro-measurement and patch clamp and other electrophysiological experimental techniques were used to test the effect of cadmium on the potassium uptake by rice root hair cells. The results showed that exogenous application of 50μmol·L-1 CdCl2 could significantly de-polarize the membrane of root hair cells in rice roots, inhibit the inward K + channel activity of root hairy plasma membrane and at the same time induce the outward K + channel opening, resulting in the exudation of K + K + content in rice roots. Through the above-mentioned effects, cadmium disrupts the absorption of potassium ions in rice roots, resulting in the loss of potassium, which becomes one of the mechanisms of plant cadmium toxicity.