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通过调整2BD-10型水稻精量穴直播机自带播种档位,设置D14、D16和D18 3个播种密度处理进行旱直播,考察水稻(Oryza sativa L.)群体光合和产量形成的规律。结果表明,D16实际产量达到10 345kg/hm2,分别较D14和D18的产量提高4.7%和13.9%;D14和D16的茎鞘物质输出率(EPMSS)分别比D18的低30.1%和33.2%,茎鞘物质转换率(TPMSS)分别比D18的低65.9%和53.4%;齐穗以前,D18顶叶保持较高的叶绿素SPAD值和净光合速率,但叶面积指数(LAI)和有效穗数显著低于D14和D16的,自孕穗期至收获期D14的LAI均保持7.0以上,群体透光度较差;与D14和D18比较,采用D16播种密度进行机械旱直播,水稻群体可获得足够的有效穗数,有利于光合物质积累,田间产量更高。
The regulation of photosynthesis and yield formation in rice (Oryza sativa L.) population was investigated by adjusting the planting seeding rate of 2BD-10 rice precision hole direct seeding machine and setting three seeding densities of D14, D16 and D18 for direct seeding. The results showed that the actual yield of D16 was 10 345 kg / hm2, which was 4.7% and 13.9% higher than that of D14 and D18, respectively. The yield of stems and sheaths (EPMSS) of D14 and D16 were 30.1% and 33.2% lower than that of D18, The sheath material conversion rate (TPMSS) was 65.9% and 53.4% lower than that of D18, respectively. Before heading, the top leaf of D18 maintained high chlorophyll SPAD and net photosynthetic rate, but leaf area index (LAI) Compared with D14 and D18, LAI of D14 and D16 from booting stage to harvesting stage kept above 7.0, and the population’s light transmittance was poor. Compared with D14 and D18, the LAI with D16 planting density was used for direct seeding by mechanical drought, and the rice population could obtain sufficient panicles Number, is conducive to the accumulation of photosynthetic material, field yield higher.