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带电粒子(不计重力)垂直射入匀强磁场离子的运动轨迹是圆周或圆弧,这类问题是常见的典型的力学磁场知识结合的综合题,是高考中的多频题,也是高考的难点。求解这类题的关键是:确定圆心,画出轨迹,求出半径等。其中,解决带电粒子在有界磁场中的运动问题,确定圆心是解题的难点所在。有一类题,已知带电粒子的入射速度和出射速度的方向,则其圆心定在入射速度方向的延长线和出射速度的方向的反向延长线夹角的角平分线上,若再做出入射速度(或出射速度)的垂线,两线的交点即为圆心,此即为用角平分线确定圆心法。
The motion trajectory of charged particles (not counting gravity) perpendicularly into a uniform magnetic field is circular or circular. This type of problem is a typical combination of knowledge of mechanical magnetic fields, and is a multi-frequency problem in college entrance examinations. It is also a difficult point in the college entrance examination. . The key to solving such questions is: determine the center of the circle, draw the trajectory, and find the radius. Among them, to solve the problem of the movement of charged particles in a bounded magnetic field, it is difficult to determine the center of the circle. There is a class of questions. It is known that the incident velocity and the outgoing velocity direction of a charged particle have its center set at the angle bisector of the angle between the extension of the incident velocity direction and the direction of the exit velocity. The vertical line of incidence velocity (or exit velocity), the intersection of two lines is the center of the circle, this is the center of the circle determined by the angle bisector.