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目的:探讨湖北荆门地区变应性鼻炎和变应性哮喘患者常见变应原分布情况,及主要变应原尘螨的致敏状况,为荆门地区变应性疾病的流行病调查、临床诊断治疗及预防提供科学依据。方法:对425例疑似变应性鼻炎和哮喘的患者,采用10种常见的标准化变应原试剂行皮肤点刺试验和特异性IgE检测,按年龄分为儿童组和成人组,比较2组变应原阳性率分布上的差异和尘螨变应原2种检测方法的相关性。结果:425例疑似变应性鼻炎和哮喘患者中298例为阳性反应,其中伴变应性哮喘89例。屋尘螨和粉尘螨阳性率最高,分别为292例、289例,其次分别为艾蒿45例、豚草31例、真菌Ⅰ19例、真菌Ⅱ15例、春季花粉Ⅱ14例、多价兽毛14例、春季花粉Ⅰ9例、多价羽毛3例。儿童组粉尘螨、屋尘螨皮肤试验和SIgE检测有很好的相关性,其强阳性率明显高于成人组。结论:尘螨为湖北荆门地区变应性鼻炎和哮喘最主要的变应原。
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the distribution of common allergens and allergens of allergens and dust mites in patients with allergic rhinitis and allergic asthma in Jingmen, Hubei Province, and to investigate the epidemiology of allergic diseases in Jingmen area, clinical diagnosis and treatment And provide a scientific basis for prevention. Methods: Totally 425 children with suspected allergic rhinitis and asthma were divided into two groups according to their ages: children’s group and adult group. Ten kinds of common standardized allergens were used for skin prick test and specific IgE test. Correlation of the difference between the original positive rate distribution and the two detection methods of dust mite allergens. RESULTS: Of the 425 patients with suspected allergic rhinitis and asthma, 298 were positive, including 89 with allergic asthma. The highest positive rates of house dust mite and dust mite were 292 cases and 289 cases respectively, followed by 45 cases of Artemisia, 31 cases of Ragweed, 19 cases of fungi, 15 cases of fungi, 14 cases of spring pollen, 14 cases of polyvalent beetles, , Spring pollen I9 cases, multivalent feathers in 3 cases. There was a good correlation between skin test and SIgE test for dust mite and house dust mite in children group, and the strong positive rate was significantly higher than that in adult group. Conclusion: Dust mite is the most important allergen for allergic rhinitis and asthma in Jingmen area of Hubei province.