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目的了解2011—2015年佛山市职业病防治现状,分析其存在的问题并提出应对思路。方法收集2011—2015年佛山市职业病危害项目申报情况、职业病报告资料和职业健康监护资料,进行统计分析。结果2011—2015年佛山市共诊断新发职业病551例,共涉及8大类职业病,其中以尘肺病(占55.90%)、职业性耳鼻喉口腔疾病(占26.32%)和职业性化学中毒(占8.53%)为主。2013—2015年新发病例数总体呈上升趋势,新发病例地区分布以顺德区(占29.76%)和禅城区(占28.13%)为主。群体性职业病事件主要集中于陶瓷行业,病种以矽肺和陶工尘肺为主。全市现有职业健康检查机构28家、职业卫生技术服务机构4家、职业病诊断机构3家和放射卫生技术服务机构3家。2011—2015年共对20 658家企业585 316人进行职业健康监护,发现疑似职业病1 368人,职业禁忌证11 467人。结论佛山市2011—2015年间职业病防治形势严峻,应重点关注尘肺病和噪声接触人群的职业病防治,从领导、企业、劳动者、商业保险模式以及职业卫生技术服务多层面谋求有效防止和控制职业病发生的新思路。
Objective To understand the current status of occupational disease prevention and control in Foshan City from 2011 to 2015, analyze the existing problems and propose countermeasures. Methods To collect the information of occupational disease reporting, occupational disease reporting and occupational health monitoring data from 2011 to 2015 in Foshan, and to conduct statistical analysis. Results A total of 551 new occupational diseases were diagnosed in Foshan City from 2011 to 2015, involving 8 categories of occupational diseases, including pneumoconiosis (55.90%), occupational otolaryngology and oral cavity diseases (26.32%) and occupational chemical poisoning 8.53%) based. The number of new cases increased from 2013 to 2015, and the distribution of new cases was mainly Shunde (29.76%) and Chancheng (28.13%). Group occupational diseases are mainly concentrated in the ceramic industry, the disease mainly to silicosis and potter’s pneumoconiosis. There are 28 occupational health examination institutions, 4 occupational health technical service agencies, 3 occupational disease diagnosis agencies and 3 radiation technical service agencies. In 2011-2015, a total of 585 316 people were enrolled in 20 658 enterprises for occupational health surveillance. Among them, 1 368 were suspected occupational diseases and 11 467 were occupational contraindications. Conclusion The situation of occupational disease prevention and control in Foshan City during 2011-2015 is grim. We should pay close attention to the prevention and control of occupational diseases in pneumoconiosis and noise-exposed populations and seek effective prevention and control of occupational diseases from the perspectives of leaders, enterprises, laborers, commercial insurance models and technical services for occupational health New ideas.