五四运动前夕,在北京大学和北京高等师范等学校里,就有部分学生参加的“国民社”和“工学社”等组织,其成员在五四运动中起了骨干作用。爱国运动兴起后,群众的爱国组织如雨后春笋般地建立起来。学生联合会和妇女、工商、报界等组织,在全国各地相继建立。为适应运动深入发展的需要,为加强各界爱国群众的团结和协调他们在运动中的行动,各省各地又出现了各界联合会的组织。并在此基础上,1919年11月10日在上海建立了全国各界联合会。全国各界联合会的诞生,可以看作是五四时期群众爱国组织发展的高峰。本文试图就这个组织的建立和活动情况做一初步考察。全国各界联合会的建立,固然是当时爱国运动发展的要求,有其客观必然性;但天津各界联合会 On the eve of the May 4th Movement, organizations such as “National Association” and “Engineering Society” with some students participated in schools such as Peking University and Beijing Normal Normal University. Members played a key role in the May Fourth Movement. After the rise of the patriotic movement, mass patriotic organizations were mushroomed. Student unions, women’s, business and industry organizations, newspapers and other organizations have been established throughout the country. In order to meet the needs of the in-depth development of the movement, in order to strengthen the solidarity of the patriotic masses from all walks of life and coordinate their actions in the movement, the organizations of the federations of all walks of life have emerged in various provinces. On this basis, on November 10, 1919, a coalition of all walks of life across the country was established in Shanghai. The birth of the coalition of all walks of life across the country can be regarded as the peak of the development of the mass patriotic organizations during the May 4th Movement. This article attempts to make a preliminary investigation of the establishment and activities of this organization. Although the establishment of a federation of all walks of life in the country was an objective requirement for the development of the patriotic movement at that time, it was an objective necessity. However, the Federation of Tianjin