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一、疑难点拨(一)微生物分类高中生物教材中所涉及的微生物,按照以下不同标准,分类如下:1.按照细胞结构的复杂程度划分(1)原核生物:包括各类细菌(如醋酸菌、乳酸菌、硝化细菌、分解尿素的细菌、分解纤维素的细菌)、蓝藻(如颤藻、发菜)、放线菌等。(2)真核生物:包括绿藻(如小球藻)、真菌(如酵母菌、毛霉、青霉、曲霉)。2.按照同化作用的类型划分(1)自养生物:包括能进行光合作用的绿藻和蓝藻、能进行化能合成作用的硝化细菌。(2)异养生物:包括真菌(如酵母菌、毛霉、
First, the difficult call (a) classification of microorganisms in high school biology textbooks involving microorganisms, according to the following different criteria, are as follows: 1. In accordance with the complexity of the cell structure (1) prokaryotes: including various types of bacteria Lactic acid bacteria, nitrifying bacteria, bacteria that decompose urea, bacteria that decompose cellulose), cyanobacteria (such as Oscillatoria zingiberensis), actinomycetes and the like. (2) eukaryotes: including green algae (such as chlorella), fungi (such as yeast, Mucor, Penicillium, Aspergillus). 2. According to the type of assimilation (1) Autotrophic organisms: Including photosynthesis of green algae and cyanobacteria, can synthesize the role of nitrifying bacteria. (2) Heterotrophs: Including fungi (such as yeast, Mucor,