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利率市场化是人民币国际化和资本项目开放的基本前提。我国银行业已经具备应对利率市场化负面影响的能力。然而,与各国10—15年的利率市场化完成速度相比,我国利率市场化进程过于缓慢。长期利率管制造成了一系列负面影响:商业银行获得长期垄断利润,丧失业务创新和为中小企业提供金融服务的动力;长期负利率,侵蚀了居民财富的实际购买力,与扩大居民消费目标不符;不利于国际社会对中国市场经济地位的认可。建议加快我国存贷款利率市场化进程。
Marketization of interest rates is the basic precondition for RMB internationalization and capital account liberalization. China’s banking industry already has the ability to deal with the negative impact of marketization of interest rates. However, compared with the completion rate of 10-15 years of interest rate marketization in various countries, the marketization of interest rates in our country is too slow. Long-term interest rate control has caused a series of negative effects: long-term monopoly profits, loss of business innovation and provision of financial services to SMEs by commercial banks; long-term negative interest rates that eroded the real purchasing power of household wealth and did not match the goal of expanding household consumption; International recognition of China ’s market economy status. It is suggested to speed up the marketization of deposit and loan interest rates in China.