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目的:为自然灾害后革兰阴性杆菌感染性疾病的治疗和医院感染控制提供参考依据。方法:对临床送检的地震伤员标本进行常规细菌培养、鉴定和药物敏感性试验,并对所得结果进行统计和分析。结果:地震伤员的感染病原菌以多重耐药的革兰阴性杆菌为主,295例标本共培养出247株细菌,阳性195例(66.10%),革兰阴性杆菌中发现4株全耐药的不动杆菌属细菌、2株克雷伯菌属细菌及2株铜绿假单胞菌及2株荧光假单胞菌,还发现产ESBL的大肠埃希氏菌25株(64.10%)及克雷伯氏菌8株(38.10%)。结论:地震灾害后感染性疾病是常见的并发症,伤员在运送途中及住院治疗期间应遵循严格的隔离制度和抗生素准入制度,以防高度耐药的病原菌引起医院感染的爆发和流行。
Objective: To provide reference for the treatment of infectious diseases of Gram-negative bacilli and nosocomial infection after natural disasters. Methods: The routine bacterial culture, identification and drug susceptibility testing of the seized wounded earthquake specimens were performed and the results were statistically analyzed. Results: The pathogenic bacteria of the wounded were mainly multi-drug resistant Gram-negative bacilli. A total of 247 strains of bacteria were found in 295 specimens, of which 195 (66.10%) were positive, and 4 were resistant to Gram-negative bacilli Acinetobacter bacteria, 2 strains of Klebsiella bacteria and 2 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and 2 strains of Pseudomonas fluorescens, 25 ESBL-producing Escherichia coli strains (64.10%) and Klebsiella 8 strains of bacteria (38.10%). Conclusion: Infectious diseases are common complication after earthquakes. The wounded should follow strict isolation system and antibiotic access system during transportation and hospitalization to prevent outbreaks and epidemics of nosocomial infections caused by highly resistant pathogens.