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目的研究东北地区汉族、满族、蒙古族和朝鲜族人群中ABO基因型及等位基因频率分布特点。方法应用GoldeneyeTMABO基因分型系统共检测1588例4民族人群样本的ABO基因型,并绘制遗传系统发生树。结果 4民族A、B、O基因频率分别为:0.208 9、0.241 5、0.549 6(汉族),0.230 8、0.233 0、0.536 2(满族),0.213 0、0.237 7、0.549 3(蒙古族),0.223 0、0.230 0、0.547 0(朝鲜族)。辽宁满族与吉林满族ABO血型分布存在显著性差异,并在系统发生树中,吉林满族相对其他六个群体,自成一簇。辽宁满族与吉林朝鲜族,辽宁汉族与辽宁蒙古族遗传关系较近。结论东北地区汉、满、蒙、朝4民族人群ABO血型分布状况及基因频率均相对稳定。比较相关群体间遗传距离发现,同地区或近地域内的不同民族群体之间存在一定的基因交流,个别群体又相对独立。
Objective To study the frequency distribution of ABO genotypes and alleles in Han, Manchu, Mongolian and Korean ethnic groups in Northeast China. Methods ABO genotypes of 1588 samples from 4 ethnic populations were detected by Goldeneye TMABO genotyping system and phylogenetic tree was constructed. Results The frequencies of A, B and O genes in ethnic groups were 0.208 9,0.241 5,0.549 6 (Han nationality), 0.230 8,0.233 0,0.536 2 (Manchu nationality), 0.213 0,0.237 7,0.549 3 (Mongolian nationality), 0.223 0,0.230 0,0.547 0 (Korean). There were significant differences in the ABO blood group distribution between Manchu and Manchu populations in Liaoning and among the phylogenetic trees, Manchu in Jilin was self-clustered with respect to other six groups. Liaoning Manchu and Jilin Korean, Liaoning Han and Liaoning Mongolian closer genetic relationship. Conclusion ABO blood group distribution and gene frequency are relatively stable among Han, Manchu, Mongolian and North Korea ethnic groups in northeastern China. The genetic distances between related groups were compared. It was found that there was a certain gene exchange between different ethnic groups in the same or near geographical area, and individual groups were relatively independent.