中共八大前后,毛泽东为了将新中国建设成为强大的社会主义国家,也为了使党和国家的领导制度更加民主化,更加适应新的历史时期的需要,对如何健全和完善中央领导体制进行了有益的探索。毛泽东主要的思考和实践包括:加强和改进中央领导机构,加固“防风林”;提出建立“科学中央”的设想;提出实行党的代表大会常任制;酝酿废除领导职务终身制等。尽管他的这些探索有的限于时代条件未能实现,有的并未很好地坚持下去,但其努力的方向为新时期党和国家领导制度的改革提供了理论上的先导,并对当代中国政治体制改革产生了深远的影响。 Before and after the 8th National Congress of the CPC, in order to build New China into a powerful socialist country, Mao Zedong also made great efforts to improve and perfect the system of the central leadership in order to make the party and state leadership systems more democratized and more responsive to the needs of the new historical period Explore. Mao Zedong’s main thinking and practice include: strengthening and improving the central leadership, strengthening “the windbreak”; putting forward the idea of ​​establishing a “scientific center”; putting forward the implementation of the permanent representative office of the party; and deliberately abolishing the tenure of leadership positions. Although some of his explorations were not limited to the conditions of the times and some did not persist well, the direction of his efforts provided a theoretical guide for the reform of the party and state leadership system in the new era, Political reform has had a profound impact.