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目的掌握清远市乡镇卫生院放射防护现状,保障基层放射工作人员和公众健康。方法采用现场检查、检测相结合的方式对乡镇卫生院放射防护进行调查,对照GBZ 130-2013和GB 18871-2002进行评价。结果管理制度制订合格率仅为5.88%;防护用品配备合格率为55.88%;机房面积、工作状态指示灯和动力排风装置设置合格率分别为73.53%、76.47%和79.41%;电离辐射标志、有用线束朝向和机房内布局合格率较高,分别为100.00%、91.18%和97.06%。在屏蔽防护检测中,合格率仅为61.76%,有13家乡镇卫生院存在不同程度的超标。放射室防护门、控制室防护门和观察窗的防护检测超标率分别为26.92%、15.38%和13.79%。结论清远市乡镇卫生院放射防护现状存在问题较严重,与监督执法不到位、经济条件限制和相关人员防护意识薄弱有关。
Objective To grasp the radiation protection status quo of township hospitals in Qingyuan and to guarantee the grass-roots radiological staff and public health. Methods A combination of on-site inspection and testing was used to investigate the radiological protection of township hospitals, which was evaluated according to GBZ 130-2013 and GB 18871-2002. Results The qualification rate of the management system was only 5.88%; the qualification rate of the protective equipment was 55.88%; the passing rates of the engine room area, the working status indicator and the power exhaust device were 73.53%, 76.47% and 79.41% respectively; the ionizing radiation signs, Useful wiring harness orientation and machine room layout pass rate is higher, respectively 100.00%, 91.18% and 97.06%. In the shield protection testing, the pass rate was only 61.76%, there are 13 township hospitals in varying degrees of excessive. Radiation room protection doors, control room protection doors and windows of the protective test exceeded the rate were 26.92%, 15.38% and 13.79%. Conclusion The existing problems of radiation protection in township hospitals in Qingyuan City are serious, which are related to the inadequate supervision and law enforcement, the limited economic conditions and the weak awareness of relevant personnel.